Electrical system.



J. W. JEPSON,

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. I APPLICATION HLED Ausha. 19:21

1,237,648. PabeintedAug. 21,1917.

WITNESSES INVENTOR .W

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

JOHN W. JEPSON, OF DEPEW, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GOULD COUPLER COMPANY. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 21, 1917.

Application filed August 8, 1912. Serial No. 713,969.

1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. JEPSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Depew, county of Erie, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical systems and more particularly to apparatus wherein is employed an internal combustion engine, dynamo electric apparatus connected thereto and a storage battery, in such a manner that the dynamo electric apparatus may be employed to transmit energy from the engine to charge the battery or from the battery to start the engine. My invention is therefore especially applicable to internal combustion engines such as are used in automobiles, motor boats, &c.

One object of my invention is to provide a dynamo electric apparatus in such a system, which may be used to start the engine without the change or interchange of gears. A further object of my invention is to provide an arrangement whereby the dynamo electric apparatus may more easily cause the starting of the engine by automatically relieving the pressure in the cylinders of the engine when it is desired to start the same. A further object of my invention is to provide a simple arrangement of such an ap aratus which may be conveniently assembled and located on automobiles and the like, and which is eflicient and economical in construction and operation. Further objects, features and advant es will more clearly appear from the detailed description given below taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which is a diagram illustrating an arrangement embodying my improvements in one form.

Referring to the drawing 11 represent cylinders of an internal combustion engine of the gas engine type, provided with pistons 22 operating engine shaft 3. Spark ing devices for the cylinders are shown at 44 connected with a distributor 6, of any well known sort, by means of leads 5. Secured to the shaft 3 is a gear 8 operating a gear 42 on shaft 13 through an intermediate gear 9 on shaft 10. 12 represents the armature of a dynamo secured to the shaft 13. The armature 12 is provided with two sets of armature windings connected to commutators 51 and 52 respectively. 21 represents a shunt field winding for the dynamo, and 57 and 66 are series field windings for the dynamo. 19 represents a storage battery in operative relation with the dynamo, and also connected therewith are lamps or other translating devices 40 by means of leads 39. Connected in shunt across the field 57 is a resistance 58 and connected in shunt across the resistance 58 and field 57 is a shunt short circuit 61 having therein a switch for opening and closlng'the same. The switch 60 is normally closed by a spring 62 and adapted to be opened by a magnet 63 whose coil is connected in series in the main between the battery 19 and dynamo 12. \Vhen the dynamo is runnin at sufiicient speed to cause the dynamo to c urge the battery, the circuit including the commutator 51 to the battery, is as follows: commutator 51 conductor 59, conductor 61, switch 60, conductor 61, conductor 59 main switch 25, coil 26, conductor 55, coil 63, conductor 56 to the battery, and from the other side of the battery back to the commutator 51 by conductor 53.

The main switch 25 is operated in a well known manner by shunt coil 36 and series coil 26 to close the circuit just described, upon the voltage across the commutator 51 reaching a predetermined value.

Noting the operation of the apparatus as so far described, and assuming that the engine is running, the dynamo builds up as a shunt machine being excited b shunt field 21 connected across the terminals of the commutator 51, and upon the voltage reach ing a predetermined value the main switch 25 closes. The dynamo thereupon supplies current to the battery through the circuit described. Should this current'tend to ex ceed a certain predetermined value the strength of series coil 63 will become sulficient to open switch 60 and thereby throw into eifect the series field 57 opposing the action of the shunt field 21, so as to tend to cut down the voltage of the dynamo and thus prevent the generator current from in creasing. The removing ofthe short circuit about the field 57 however, tends to so greatly decrease the voltage of the generator that the current in coil 63 soon drops sufliciently to cause the switch 60 to close again under the action of spring 62. Thereupon the dynamo again builds up and increases i s current output as before, causing a repetition of the operation. The operation accordingly is repeated, the switch ()0 vibrating rapidly and at sulfieient periodic-it) to maintain the current output substantially constant.

If, however, the engine is standing still and it is desired to start the same by transmitting energy from the battery the lever 08 is thrown to the right in order to close the switch (37. The closing of this switch connects the armature connectedito' commutator 52, to the battery, the circuit being as follows: from the battery 19 through conductor 5G; conductor 64iswitch 67, conductor 65',"c0m'miItator 5'2 and its armature, then through conductor 65, series field 66 and conductor 53, back to the other side of the battery.

The" armature Winding connected to the commutator 52 is wound with heavier conductorsand of less turns than thoseconnetted to commutator 51 in order that a greater torque may thereby bepi'odnced when current is fni'iiislied'thcreto by the battery, snfli'cient to stii rt the engine. Also the series field 66 acts to cause the inotor to opera-fie witlr'a much greater torque when the motor operates to start the engine. It will therefore'be seen that I have provided dynamo electric apparatus for transmitting energy from the battery to theengin'e and vice'versa, one portion of which apparatus, namely, the armature windings connected to commutator 51, and the shunt field 21 and series field 57, are designed for use when chm-gin; thestorage battery. and the other portion of the dynamo electric apparatus, namely, the armature windings coni'iected to the commutator f9. and thefield winding (36. are designed for use when energy'is transmitted from the battery to start the engine. By thus providing the dynamo electric apparatus with two portions a'dapt ed toproduce difl'erent'torque's, Tzim enabled to'start the engine'with the dynamo without any interchange of gears and'so that whether the dynamo is driving, the engine or the engine is driving the dynamo the same relative speeds of the two may be maintained.

Upon the shaft 13 is arranged a pump of any well' known kind, for the purpose of circulating cooling water for the engine and T find that by placing the dynamo 12 upon this pump shaft, it isnot'necssuy to pla'cc any extra gears whatever in the apparatus as the gears S; 9 and 42 may he utilized for the intermediate cor'niections between the engine and dynamo, which gears are already present in common forms of such engine apparatus. hly'i'nv'ehtion Iiiafv therefore, be applied to existing systems without'materia change or the addition of further parts. i

in starting engines of considerable size by hand the compression is relieved either in holding the valves open or bysepara tqlly openingby hand pet coclis connecting tie cylinders with the atmosphere. Although any suitable method for relieving the cylinder compression may be used in carrying out my invention in this respect lhave shown the pet cock method wherein pet cocks -6970"con'he'et the cylinders 11 with the atmosphere. These pet cocks are adapted to beopened u on moving the lever 68 to the left yihen the swite'h' 6 is closed, by meansof the'interme'diate link connections 71 and bell crank levers 72. Thus upon' closing the switch 68156 throw int'o circuit the starting windings of the dynamo electric apparatus the pet cocks 69-70 are opened to relieve the pressure within the cylinders so that the engine may be easily started. Up'on attaining sufficient speed the switch (58 may be opened, whereupon the engine will catch and operate underits own power. In order that the battery and dynamo may at all t'imes'furnish alternating current 'f'or thesparkiiig devices 4 of the engine, the dynamo is provided withalternating current terminals such as collector rings. 31, which are connect'edto a timing device/('4, of any suitable character, by means of"cir suit 33. Inclosed in the circuit 33' is the primary of a transformer 34; the secondary of'which is included in a circuit 7 adapted to be connected with the con actors 5 'by means of the distributer '6. It wil'l'be obvious that certain advantages of my invention may be obtained by providing separate armatureand field structures for' the tw sets of armature a'hd' field windings, which structures may operate in tlie same magnetic field'structure, as in such case great economy of space and simplicity of operation is obtained, and'fewer parts are necessary.

Although I have described my improve ments in great detail and with respect to one embodiment thereof nevertheless I do not desire to be limited to such details except as clearly pointed out in the appended claims since many changes and modifications may well be" made ivithout departing from the spirit and seopepf my invention in its broader aspects' Having fully and clearly descril'ved lny improvements what I' claim as' new and ;desire to secure liy Letters Patent is:

1. A system of the class described, having in coinlnnatien an internal conibustion' engine, a dynamo, a storage battery conn'ccted thereto, means mechai'iica lly connecting the dynamo with the engine whereby the engine may drive the dynamo and the dynam'ri may start the engine through th'sai'ne mechani cal connection, said'dynamo having two armature windings a. field winding in series to one armature winding for starting the engine, a shunt field windin in shuntto the other armature winding or charging the battery, a switch for disconnecting the first armature winding and field winding from the battery when the engine is running, a third field winding in series with the second armature and an electromagnetic means adapted to open a short circuit about said last mentioned field winding responsive to certain increases in current from the second armature.

2. A system of electrical distribution having in combination, an internal combustion engine, a dynamo connected thereto to be driven thereby and to start the engine, a storage battery connected to be charged by the dynamo and feed the dynamo to start the engine, said dynamo having an armature winding, a field winding in series therewith for starting the engine and an armature winding and shunt field winding in shunt therewith for charging the battery, a switch for disconnecting th and field winding from the battery while it is being charged, a switch automatically disconnecting the second armature winding and field winding from the battery while the engine is being started and a means, including a vibrating switch device for regulating the voltage produced by the second armature winding responsive to certain increases in current therefrom, said automatic switch also acting to disconnect said regulating means.

3. A system of electrical distribution haw ing in'combination, an internal combustion engine, a dynamo connected thereto to be driven thereby and to start the engine, a storage battery connected to be charged by the dynamo andfeed the dynamo to start the engine, said dynamo having an armature winding, a field winding in series therewith for starting the engine and an armature winding and shunt field winding in shunt therewith for charging the battery, a switch for disconnecting the first armature winding and field winding from the battery while it is being charged, aswitch automatically disconnecting the second armature winding and field winding from the batterywhile the engine is being started, a third field winding, and means acting responsive to certain variations in current from said second armature winding to regulate the current from said second armature winding. said third field winding being substantially ineffective when the dynamo is starting the engine.

4. A system of the class described, having in combination, an internal combustion engine, a storage battery, a dynamo mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery to start the engine, said dynamo having an armature winding and a series field winding for start ing the engine and a second armature winde first armature winding ing and shunt field winding for charging the battery and a third field winding operating with the shunt field windingto regulate the voltage produced by the second armature winding.

5. The combination of an internal combustion engine, a storage battery, a dynamo mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery and to be energized by the battery to'start the engine, said dynamo having an armature winding and series field winding for starting the engine and a second armature winding, a shunt field winding and an opposing series field winding for charging the battery, and means'for varyin the strength ofsaid last mentioned series eld winding to regulate the dynamo during charging.

6. The combination of an internal combustion engine, a. dynamo electric machine mechanically connected to the shaft of the engine, a storage battery in operative relation to the machine, said machine bein provided with two setsiof armature win ings, one set being connected in circuit when the machine is driven by the engine and charges the battery and the other set being connected in circuit when the battery supplies energy to the machine to cause the latter to transmit energy to the engine, said machine being also provided with a shunt and series field to operate in connection with the first men.- tioned set of armature windings, and a second series field to operate in connection with the second mentioned set of armature windings to regulate .the voltage produced by the second set of armature windings.

7. The combination of an internal combustion engine and its shaft, a pump shaft, dynamo electric apparatus secured to the pump shaft, gears permanently connecting the two shafts and through which gears the engine is started by the d amo and the dynamo is driven by the engine, and a storage battery in operative relation to the dynamo apparatus, said dynamo electric apparatus having two armaturewindings, one to be energized for starting the engine and the other to be energized for charging the battery, whereby energy may be transmitted from the engine to charge the battery and from the battery to start the engine.

8. The combination of an internal coinbustion engine and its shaft, a pump shaft, dynamo electric apparatus secured to the pump shaft, gears permanently connecting the two shafts and through which gears the engine is started by the dynamo and the dynamo is driven by the engine, and a storage battery in operative relation to the dynamo apparatus, said apparatus having a set of armature windings designed to operate to cause energy to be taken from the engine to charge the storage battery and said apparatus having another set of armature wind ings'designedto operate'to cause energy to be taken from the storage battery to start "the? engine.

9. The combination of an internal com- 5 bustion engine, a storage battery, a dynamo i'mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery and to be *energized by the battery to start the engine, sa'i'd dynamo having an armature wind- =iifl' ing'and series field-winding for starting the "engine and a second armature winding, a

alf:

shunt field windin ing series field wind "tery. 1

' 10: The combination of an internal com- *bustionengine, a storage battery, adynamo mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery and to be energized by the battery to start the engine, saiddynamo having an armature winding'and series field winding for starting the engine and a second armature winding, a shunt field winding and an opposing series field winding for charging the battery, and

and a regulating opposing for charging thebata vibrating switch for varying the strengthof said last inentionedseries'field winding to regulate the dynamo during charging.

' 11. The combination of an internal combustion engine, a storage battery, :1 dynamo "mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery and to be energized by the'battery to start the engine, said dynamo 'havin an armature winding and series field winding for starting theengine and a second armature winding, a shunt 'field winding and an opposing series field winding for charging the battery, and a vibrating switch for varying the strength of said last mentioned series field winding to regulate the-dynamo during charging, and a nia'gnet'seriallyconnected between the dynamo and battery durin trolling the action of said-switch.

- '12. The combination-of an'internal combustion engine, a storage battery, a'dynamo mechanically connected to'the engine to be driven thereby"andxcharge'the battery and to be energizedby the-battery to-start the enginey-sald dynamo havingan armature winding -and series field winding for startingthe engine and a' second armature winding, a shunt field winding and an 'opposing series field winding for charging the battery, and a vibrating switchfor varying the strength ofsaidlastmentioned series lield winding to regulate the dynamo during charging and an automatic switch in series with charging armature winding for conn'ecting the -dynamo to the battery when-the charging for convoltage of the dynamo reaches a predetermined point.

13. The combination ofan internal combustion'engine, a storage battery, a dynamo mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby and charge the battery and to be energized by the battery to start the engine,-sa1d dynamo having an armature winding and series field winding for starting the engine and a second armature winding, a shunt field windin and a third field winding forv charging the I attery, and means for var ing the strength of said last mentioned eld winding to regulate the dynamo during charging, and a magnet serially connected between the dynamo and battery duringcharging for controlling the action of said means.

14. The combination of an internal eombustion engine, a storage battery, a dynamo mechanically connected to the engine to be driven thereby tocharge the-battery and to be energized from the-battery to start the engine, a vibrating switch, the operation of which is adapted to vary the field strength of the dynamo and a magnet controlling said switch to regulate the dynamo for variations in driving speed thereof; said dynamo having two armature windings and two sets of field windings, and means for connectin one set of armature windin s and field win ings in circuit when ehargmg'gthe battery and the other set in'circuit when starting the engine.

'15. The combination of an internal combustion en ine, a storage battery, a dynamo mechanicafi connected to the engine to be driven there V and charge the battery and to be energized by thebattery to start the en- JOHN W. JEPSON. Witnesses:

L. 'ME'rzEN, P. W. EncmsH.

Copies of: thir patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

